现代分析实验

各位亲，我也在做碘化亚铜和钯等金属的催化偶联，反应效果一直不是很好，可能是催化剂没活化的原因，想请教下碘化亚铜一般是如何活化的，有种是用索氏提取器中THF除杂，具体是怎么操作呢，还有就是催化时常用的配体是哪些呢（效果好的那种比如脯氨酸之类的），不甚感激

Cuprous iodide [7681-65-41 M 190.5, m 605O, b 1336O, di5 5.63. It can be freshly prepared by
dissolving an appropriate quantity of CUI in boiling saturated aqueous NaI over 30min. Pure CUI is obtained by
cooling and diluting the soln with water, followed by filtering and washing sequentially with H20, EtOH,
EtOAc and EtzO, pentane, then drying in vacuo for 24h [Dieter, J Am Chem SOC 107 4679 19851.
Alternatively wash with H20 then EtOH and finally with Et20 containing a little iodine. Traces of H20 are
best removed first by heating at 1 loo and then at 400O. Exess of I2 is removed completely at 400O. It dissolves
in Et20 if an amine is present to form the amine complex. [Chem Ind (London) 1180 1957.1

第一个是Sonogashira反应。第二个是Ullmann反应，貌似Ullmann反应铜和配体的反应机理还不是很清楚研究。反应都是无水无氧，反应很快。都有其适用的结构。