【转帖】加拿大学者研发出更有效测量处方药功效的方法

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标题:【转帖】加拿大学者研发出更有效测量处方药功效的方法

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发表于 2015-11-13 11:16 资料个人空间短消息加为好友

小中大

相关疾病：
46XX性发育睾丸疾病

加拿大学者研发出更有效测量处方药功效的方法
科技部
加拿大多伦多大学的研究团队开展出一种大量细胞计数法（mass cytometry），可以更快更广泛的测量处方药对人体细胞的反应及功效，提前发现细胞病变，研发出针对个人的治疗药物。多伦多大学化学系的研究员坦纳（Scott Tanner）发现，某些细胞亚群（sub-populations of cells）对药物的反应非常明显，有助于进一步了解这些细胞亚群的连锁信号反应。研究团队开发的大量细胞计数法，每秒可在1000个细胞内同时测量多达100种生物标志物。并通过采用新研发出的金属原子贴附化学方法，更有效地观测细胞内稍纵即逝、不易捕捉的生物分子标的物。
哥伦比亚大学和斯坦福大学的研究人员采用多伦多大学的新技术，观察人类骨髓产生的不同形态细胞中及表面的34种物质。研究人员不但能正确归类10多种不同类型的免疫细胞，还能观察到各类免疫细胞的内部变化，从而预知可能发生的变化。
研究人员的发现已刊登在最近的《Science》期刊上,同时该技术目前正由多伦多大学的附属企（DVS Sciences Inc.）研发上市。
该公司最近获得罗氏和辉瑞的投资
Big names in life sciences are backing DVS Sciences in a $14.6 million Series A round. With biomarker analysis technology for personalized medicine, the start-up has garnered investments from the investment vehicles of drug giants Pfizer ($PFE) and Roche as well as the venture firms 5AM Ventures and Mohr Davidow Ventures. 5AM led the round.
DVS plans to use its cash infusion to commercialize its system that is similar in concept to a flow cytometer and can identify up to 100 biomarkers at a time. The system, which was developed with seed money from the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, will be used for scientific research as well as clinical trials in which researchers aim to match patients with appropriate drugs based on biomarker analyses. Cancer drug development is expected to be a key area for the system. The company has its corporate headquarters in Sunnyvale, CA, and its manufacturing and research operations in Canada.
"This financing is the first step in our transformation from a research-based entity to a commercial company," Scott Tanner, DVS Sciences' president, said. "We are now in a position to commercialize our innovative instrumentation and reagents that will foster the acceleration of medical research, enable personalized therapeutic diagnosis and prognosis, and transform drug discovery."
Life sciences investors have had some success investing in flow cytometer technology as of late, with scientific tools giant Becton Dickinson's ($BDX) buyout of venture-backed Accuri Cytometers in Ann Arbor, MI, earlier this year. Given the potential applications of DVS Systems' technology in personalized medicine, perhaps it's no surprise to see Pfizer and Roche--two Big Pharma players with huge stakes in this field--making bets on the company through their respective investment arms.
CyTOF? Mass Cytometry
Cells stained with metal-conjugated antibodies and metallointercalators are introduced individually into an Inductively Coupled Plasma, were the cells are atomized and ionized. The atomic ions are extracted into the ion optics and time-of-flight regions where they are separated by mass and counted. The elemental signature of the cell includes the element tags introduced with the antibodies and metallointercalators. The presence of the metal tag indicates that the antibody found and bound the target biomarker, and the intensity of the signal is directly proportional to the number of antibodies bound per cell (ABC). The elemental composition of each cell is separately analyzed. In a typical cell analysis experiment, four minutes of raw data collection is sufficient for analysis of 100,000 cells independent of the number of metal tags (one or all 33).
It is important to note that cells without any tagging metals cannot be detected by mass cytometry: only element tags can be registered with high sensitivity and specificity, and therefore there is no "auto-fluorescence"-like effects. Metal tags are chosen from rare elements whose natural concentration in a biological sample is below the detection limit. Unstained cells are "transparent" to the mass cytometer. A complete description of the instrument can be found in Bandura et al, 2009.
这家公司所发表的论文
Bendall, S.C, et al. Single-Cell Mass Cytometry of Differential Immune and Drug Responses Across a Human Hematopoietic Continuum. Science 6 May 2011: 687-696.

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http://www.dvssciences.com/mediacenter.html
Abdelrahman, A.I. et al. Metal-containing polystyrene beads as standards for mass cytometry. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 25 (3):260-268, 2010.
Thickett, S. C., et al. Bio-functional, lanthanidelabeled polymer particles by seeded emulsion polymerization and their characterization by novel ICP-MS detection. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 25 (3):269-281, 2010.
Abdelrahman, A.I. et al. Lanthanide- Containing Polymer Microspheres by Multiple-Stage Dispersion Polymerization for Highly Multiplexed Bioassays (vol 131, pg 15276, 2009). Journal of the American Chemical Society 132 (7):2465-2465, 2010.
Berger, S., et al. Hybrid nanogels by encapsulation of lanthanide-doped LaF3 nanoparticles as elemental tags for detection by atomic mass spectrometry. Journal of Materials Chemistry 20 (24):5141-5150, 2010.
Ornatsky, O. I., et al. Highly multiparametric analysis by mass cytometry. J Immunol Methods 361 (1-2):1-20, 2010.
Bandura, D. R., et al. Mass Cytometry: Technique for Real Time Single Cell Multitarget Immunoassay Based on Inductively Coupled Plasma Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Analytical Chemistry 81:6813-6822, 2009.
Pich, S., et al. The influence of PEG macromonomers on the size and properties of thermosensitive aqueous microgels. Colloid and Polymer Science 287:269-275, 2009.
Ornatsky, O. I., et al. Study of cell antigens and intracellular DNA by identification of element-containing labels and metallointercalators using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Analytical Chemistry 80:2539-2547, 2008
Pich, S., et al. Biocompatible Hybrid Nanogels. Small 4:2171-2175, 2008.
Razumienko, E., et al. Element-tagged immunoassay with ICP-MS detection: Evaluation and comparison to conventional immunoassays. Journal of Immunological Methods 336:56-63, 2008.
Tanner, S. D., et al. Flow cytometer with mass spectrometer detection for massively multiplexed single-cell biomarker assay. Pure and Applied Chemistry 80:2627-2641, 2008
Ornatsky, O. I., et al. Development of analytical methods for multiplex bio-assay with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 23:463-469, 2008.
Tanner, S. D., et al. Multiplex Bio-Assay with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: Towards a Massively Multivariate Single Cell Technology, Spectrochimica Acta Part B, 62, 188-195, 2007.
Ornatsky, O. I., et al. Messenger RNA Detection in Leukemia Cell lines by Novel Metal-Tagged in situ Hybridization using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, Translational Oncogenomics 1, 1-9, 2006.
Ornatsky, O. I., et al. Multiple cellular antigen detection by ICP-MS. Journal of Immunological Methods 308 (1-2) :68-76, 2006.
Bandura, D. R., et al. Characterization of phosphorus content of biological samples by ICP-DRC-MS: Potential tool for cancer research. Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 19 (1):96-100, 2004.
Baranov, V. I., et al. The potential for elemental analysis in biotechnology. Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 17 (9):1148-1152, 2002.
Baranov, V. I., et al. A sensitive and quantitative element-tagged immunoassay with ICPMS detection. Analytical Chemistry 74 (7):1629-1636, 2002.
Quinn, Z. A., et al. The potential for elemental analysis in proteomics. 131-132, 2002.
Quinn, Z. A., et al. Simultaneous determination of proteins using an element-tagged immunoassay coupled with ICP-MS detection. Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 17 (8):892-896, 2002

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发表于 2015-11-13 11:17 资料个人空间短消息加为好友

小中大

不错的技术。
但是不是目前只能用于血液细胞呀？

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发表于 2015-11-13 11:18 资料个人空间短消息加为好友

小中大

哎明天还得用光学显微镜去数细胞去什么时候公司能买台血液分析仪就心满意足了

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发表于 2015-11-13 11:18 资料个人空间短消息加为好友

小中大

这项技术的发明希望能提高Rx药物的有效性和安全性。

am10[使用道具]
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发表于 2015-11-13 11:18 资料个人空间短消息加为好友

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技术很先进，成熟的话应该可以免除很多药物研究的过程！

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发表于 2015-11-13 11:19 资料个人空间短消息加为好友

小中大

首先看了文章，又看了看回复，感觉有点不对头。
这篇文章注明是转帖，所以我也不知道最初的报道者是谁，但可以肯定的是，绝对不是一位熟悉懂得科研的记者，其夸张的作风一览无遗。
先看看原作者提供的原文及报道文字，差异甚大；北美的原研究者自己恐怕都不敢这样评价自己。纵观原文，也只是报道了研究者在某些大型制药企业的赞助下改进了一种检测细胞内/表面多种信息因子的检测方法，对于某些药物对细胞的影响的观察更敏感一些。如果一定要把这种对于细胞的影响与药物的疗效、安全性联系在一起的话，也有一定的道理，但绝对不是很充分的依据，坦率说这样说很牵强。
另外，这样的检测方法目前也仅适用于血液细胞，至少目前血液细胞全息研究还是很初级的阶段，因此不加限制性的表述就会让人误会，以为多种疾病的疗效都有可能得到预判，这样是不合适的。在某种角度上来说，流式细胞仪的应用比较有限，对于某些疾病几乎没有太大的利用价值。
虽然这样的研究很值得鼓励和肯定，但研究报道一定要准确、客观，我很怀疑楼上有多少人仔细看过原文。乍看下来几乎都是0分战友，这样的帖子虽然楼层挺高，但并没有提出什么有价值的讨论内容。从某个角度也体现了现在DXY药学区面临的一个根本问题。

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发表于 2015-11-13 11:20 资料个人空间短消息加为好友

小中大

QUOTE:

原帖由 eor 于 2015-11-13 11:19 发表 bbcodeurl('http://bbs.antpedia.com/images/common/back.gif', '%s')

首先看了文章，又看了看回复，感觉有点不对头。
这篇文章注明是转帖，所以我也不知道最初的报道者是谁，但可以肯定的是，绝对不是一位熟悉懂得科研的记者，其夸张的作风一览无遗。
先看看原作者提供的原文及报道文字，差异甚大；北 ...

说得不客气点，这个鸟方法，跟临床毛的关系都没有！
风马牛不相及也。

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发表于 2015-11-13 11:20 资料个人空间短消息加为好友

小中大

这个方法的处方药的评价，应该可以推动中药处方药的发展，更好的促进中药现代化。