小中大
相关疾病：
腹泻甲状腺功能减退症尤文肉瘤神经母细胞瘤
此摘要对PD-1的抗体治疗癌症很乐观，作为新的治疗癌症靶标，现在已经有4个单克隆抗体在临床实验早期阶段，而且都显示了不错的疗效，其安全性数据也不错，都是一些不太致命和严重的不良反应如皮肤瘙痒，腹泻，皮疹，还有就是和肝功能有关的指标升高，丙氨酸氨基转移酶和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶升高，甲状腺功能减退。这些不良反应对于一些无药可治的癌症应该可以接受。
BMS现在正在使用Nivolumab治疗一系列难以治疗的癌症，例如尤因肉瘤，骨瘤，横纹肌肉瘤，神经母细胞瘤， 还有一个Nivolumab/ Ipilimumab的联合用药治疗癌症的方案。现在的抗癌药的临床实验和治疗基本上都引入biomaker技术，对病人的选择更具有针对性，成功的可能性更大。
Cancer Med. 2013 Oct;2(5):662-73. doi: 10.1002/cam4.106. Epub 2013 Jul 21.
PD-1 as a potential target in cancer therapy，McDermott DF, Atkins MB.
Abstract
Recently, an improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing the host response to tumors has led to the identification of checkpoint signaling pathways involved in limiting the anticancer immune response. One of the most critical checkpoint pathways responsible for mediating tumor-induced immune suppression
is the programmed death-1 (PD 1) pathway, normally involved in promoting tolerance and preventing
tissue damage in settings of chronic inflammation. Many human solid tumors express PD ligand 1 (PD-L1), and this is often associated with a worse prognosis. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from patients
with cancer typically express PD-1 and have impaired antitumor functionality. Proof-of-concept has come
from several preclinical studies in which blockade of PD-1 or PD-L1 enhanced T-cell function and tumor cell
lysis. Three monoclonal antibodies against PD-1, and one against PD-L1, have reported phase 1 data.
All four agents have shown encouraging preliminary activity, and those that have been evaluated in larger patient populations appear to have encouraging safety profiles. Additional data are eagerly awaited. This review summarizes emerging clinical data and potential of PD-1 pathway-targeted antibodies in development.
If subsequent investigations confirm the initial results, it is conceivable that agents blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway will prove valuable additions to the growing armamentarium of targeted immunotherapeutic agents.
