【分享】一种精确指示结肠直肠癌的表观遗传学特征

4月12日,国际著名杂志Science在线刊登了国外研究人员的最新研究成果“Epigenomic Enhancer Profiling Defines a Signature of Colon Cancer,”,文章中,研究者发现了一种能精确指示结肠直肠细胞是癌性的表观遗传学特征。

在一个人的DNA中除了编码的遗传指令之外,许多表观遗传因子,或对基因组所做的非编码性但也是功能性的修该,会显著地影响在健康及生病的人中的基因表达。如今,研究人员发现了一种似乎能精确地指示结肠直肠细胞是癌性的表观遗传学特征—一种特定的获得及失去染色质标记的模式。

Batool Akhtar-Zaidi及其同事们用一种叫做组蛋白H3赖氨酸4,或H3K4的甲基化形式的蛋白质——它标记了多种所谓的基因增强子——来搜寻在癌性结肠细胞和正常结肠隐窝细胞中的这样的表观遗传因子,而结肠癌最终是从结肠隐窝细胞中衍生出来的。这些研究人员能够在结肠直肠癌细胞中发现数千个或失或得的甲基化的H3K4位点。他们说,与这些增强子位点相关连的基因似乎富集了在结肠直肠癌中通常被中断的通路,并富含被认为是警示标志的基因变异。综合来看,这些研究人员的发现提示,对基因组上的这些特定位点的表观遗传学改变驱动着一个促发结肠直肠癌的独特的转录程序。(生物谷Bioon.com)


doi:10.1126/science.1217277
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Epigenomic Enhancer Profiling Defines a Signature of Colon Cancer

Batool Akhtar-Zaidi1, Richard Cowper-Sal·lari2, Olivia Corradin1, Alina Saiakhova1, Cynthia F. Bartels1, Dheepa Balasubramanian1, Lois Myeroff3, James Lutterbaugh3, Awad Jarrar4, Matthew F. Kalady3,4,5, Joseph Willis3,6, Jason H. Moore2, Paul J. Tesar1,3, Thomas Laframboise1,3, Sanford Markowitz1,3,7, Mathieu Lupien2,8, Peter C. Scacheri1,3,*


Cancer is characterized by gene expression aberrations. Studies have largely focused on coding sequences and promoters, despite the fact that distal regulatory elements play a central role in controlling transcription patterns. Here, we utilize the histone mark H3K4me1 to analyze gain and loss of enhancer activity genome wide in primary colon cancer lines relative to normal colon crypts. We identified thousands of variant enhancer loci (VELs) that comprise a signature that is robustly predictive of the in vivo colon cancer transcriptome. Furthermore, VELs are enriched in haplotype blocks containing colon cancer genetic risk variants, implicating these genomic regions in colon cancer pathogenesis. We propose that reproducible changes in the epigenome at enhancer elements drive a unique transcriptional program to promote colon carcinogenesis.