小中大关于comet-fish。其实fish 技术就用于检测染色体上具体的基因。这个基因对损伤的敏感性一般要比其他的强。现在最热门的就是检测tp53基因。而且通过这种检测。可以确定更多对人体有害的环境因素。有兴趣的话可以看看下面的摘要:In addition to exogenous risk factors, the development of head and neck cancer is based on genetic alterations and individual
sensitivity to mutagens. The DNA-damaging effect of xenobiotics and the location of chromosomal changes warrant further
investigation. The aim of this study was to evaluate variance in structural genetic changes in human epithelia as target cells for
head and neck carcinogenesis. The combination of the single-cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assay with the fluorescence in situ
hybridization (FISH) technique is presented to examine differences in sensitivity to DNA-damage induction and in alterations
of chromosomes 1, 3, 5 and 8 in patients with and without squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx.
Macroscopically healthy biopsies from the mucosa, taken at a distance from the tumor of 10 patients with oropharyngeal
carcinoma and from 10 patients without tumor were harvested during surgery. Cells were isolated by enzymatic digestion and
incubated with benzo[a]pyrene-diolepoxide (BPDE), causing DNA-adduct formation by covalent binding of BPDE with DNA
bases. The cells were subsequently analyzed by means of the Comet assay to separate DNA fragments and to visualize the DNAdamage.
A hybridization mixture with whole-chromosome paints for Chr1, Chr3, Chr5 and Chr8 was added. After fluorescent
staining, the entire DNA and the DNA of chromosomes 1, 3, 5 and 8 were evaluated by digital analysis.
BPDE caused significant DNA damage in oropharyngeal mucosa cells of patients with and patients without carcinoma.
No differences in the amount of DNA damage could be observed between patients suffering from sqamous cell carcinoma
and patients without malignancy. Evaluation of chromosomal alterations, however, revealed significantly higher damage levels
in chromosomes 3, 5 and 8 compared with chromosome 1 in tumor patients. In contrast, for patients without oropharyngeal
carcinoma no differences in chromosomal alterations could be observed.